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　　The internal structure of LiFePO4 battery is shown in Figure 1. On the left is LiFePO4 with a olivine structure as the positive electrode of the battery, which is connected to the positive electrode by aluminum foil. In the middle is a polymer separator, which separates the positive electrode from the negative electrode. However, lithium ion Li+can pass through, while electron e - cannot. On the right is the negative electrode of the battery composed of carbon (graphite), which is connected to the negative electrode of the battery by copper foil. The electrolyte of the battery is located between the upper and lower ends, and the battery is enclosed in a metal shell.

　　During charging of LiFePO4 batteries, the lithium ion Li+in the positive electrode migrates to the negative electrode through a polymer separator; During the discharge process, the lithium ion Li+in the negative electrode migrates to the positive electrode through a separator. Lithium ion batteries are named after the migration of lithium ions during charging and discharging.

　　The nominal voltage of LiFePO4 batteries is 3.2 V, the termination charging voltage is 3.6 V, and the termination discharge voltage is 2.0 V. Due to the different quality and process of positive and negative electrode materials and electrolyte materials used by various manufacturers, their performance may vary. For example, for the same model (standard battery in the same packaging), there is a significant difference in battery capacity (10% to 20%).

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