Li4ti5012 lithium battery.36 volt golf cart batteries

　　Lithium titanium spinel -glyphosylite structure

　　It is a composite oxide that transitions metal titanium from metal lithium and low potential. It belongs to the AB2X4 series, which can be described as spinel solid solution.

　　Its space dot group is FD3M space group, and crystal cell parameters A is 0.836nm. It is a non -conductive white crystal that can exist in the air stable. Structure is similar to anti -tip spylite: In a crystal cell, 32 oxygen -negative ions O2. Arranged according to cubic dense accumulation, accounting for 3/4 of the lithium ion Li+by four oxygen ions to embed the gap in a positive tetraonal ligand, The remaining lithium ions and all titanium ion Ti4+(number of atoms 1: 5) are embedded in the gap in the iconic octopus ligands by six oxygen ions. The structure can provide a passage for limited lithium ions. The inherent electronic conductivity of li4Ti5012 is 10-9s/cm

　　The biggest feature of LI4TI5O12 is its "zero -degradation". The so -called "zero -degradation" means that when the crystals are embedded or removed lithium ions, the lattice constants and volume changes are small, less than 1%. In the charging and discharge cycle, this "zero -degradability" can avoid structural destruction due to the back and forth expansion of the electrode material, thereby improving the circulation performance and service life of the electrode, reducing the comparison of the capacity of the cycle. It has a very good one Extremely durable, over -release features.

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Low -temperature battery has the following characteristics