Disadvantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries

　　Whether a material has the potential for application development, in addition to focusing on its advantages, it is more important to have a fundamental defect.

　　In China, lithium iron phosphate is currently selected as a positive electrode material for power lithium ion batteries. Market analysts such as government, scientific research institutions, enterprises, and even securities companies are optimistic about this material and use it as the development direction of power lithium ion batteries. Analysis of the reason, there are two main points: first of all, affected by the direction of the United States, the US Valence and A123 companies first used the lithium iron phosphate as a positive electrode material for lithium ion batteries. Secondly, there has been no domestic lithium manganate material with good high temperature circulation and storage performance that can be used in China. However, there are also fundamental defects that cannot be ignored by lithium iron phosphate. There are mainly the following points:

　　1. During the sintering process of lithium iron phosphate, iron oxide has the possibility of being restored to a single iron in a high -temperature reduction atmosphere. Single -quality iron will cause micro -short circuits of the battery, which is the most taboo substance in the battery. This is also the main reason why Japan has not regarded the material as a dynamic lithium -ion battery positive electrode material.

　　2. Lithium iron phosphate has some performance defects, such as low vibration density and compact density, resulting in low energy density of lithium ion batteries. The low temperature performance is poor, and this problem has not been solved even if it is nanocketized and carbon covered. Dr. Donhillebrand, director of the Agan National Laboratory Energy Storage System Center, said that when talking about the low temperature performance of lithium -iron iron batteries, he used Terrible to describe the test result of the test results of lithium iron phosphate lithium -type lithium -type lithium cell (Below below 0 ° C) Electric vehicles cannot be driving. Although some manufacturers claim that the capacity maintenance rate of lithium iron phosphate iron batteries is not bad at low temperatures, it is when the discharge current is small and the discharge intercept voltage is very low. In this case, the device cannot start the work at all.

　　3. The cost of preparation of materials is high and the manufacturing cost of the battery, the yield rate of battery is low, and the consistency is poor. Although the nanochaviolation and carbon coverage of lithium iron phosphate has improved the electrochemical properties of the material, it also brings other problems, such as reduced energy density, improvement of synthetic costs, poor electrode processing performance, and harsh environmental requirements. Although the chemical elements in lithium iron phosphate Li, Fe, and P are rich in and the cost is also low, the cost of lithium iron phosphate products prepared is not low. Even if the previous R & D cost is removed, the cost of this material is higher The cost of preparing batteries will make the cost of energy storage power in the final unit higher.

　　4. Poor product consistency. There is currently no iron phosphate material factory in China that can solve this problem. From the perspective of material preparation, the synthesis reaction of lithium iron phosphate is a complex multi -phase reaction, including solid -phase phosphate, iron oxides, and lithium salt, carbon front -drive body and reducing gas phase. In this complex response process, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of the reaction.

　　5. Intellectual property issues. At present, the basic patent of lithium iron phosphate is owned by the University of Texas, and the carbon coated patent is applied by Canadians. These two basic patents cannot go around. If the patent use fee is calculated in the cost, the product cost will be further increased.

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