High temperature and low temperature discharge solution

　　Like humans, the battery is best running in normal room temperature. Due to the improvement of electrochemical reactions, battery manufacturers like to recommend batteries at 27 ° C (80 ° F) temperature. Long exposure will shorten life.

　　As all drivers in the cold country know that battery temperature can better drive the car engine than in low temperature environments in normal temperature environments. Low temperature increases internal resistance and reduces capacity. A 100%capacity battery is provided at 27 ° C (80 ° F). It is usually only 50%at –18 ° C (0 ° F). The decline in instantaneous capacity varies from battery chemistry.

　　The temperature of the dry solid polymer battery requires a temperature of 60–100 ° C (140–212 ° F) to promote ion flow and conduct electricity. This type of battery found a niche market in a fixed power supply application in a hot climate, which is a catalyst rather than a disadvantage in this climate. The built -in heating element keeps the battery running normally. The high battery cost and safety issues limit the application of the system. More common lithium polymers use gel electrolytes to improve conductivity.

　　If you use it at a temperature of 20 ° C (68 ° F) or slightly lower than 20 ° C (68 ° F), all batteries can reach the best service life. For example, if the battery runs at 30 ° C (86 ° F) instead of less moderate room temperature, the circulation life will decrease by 20%. At 40 ° C (104 ° F), the loss jumped to 40%. If it is charged and discharged at 45 ° C (113 ° F), the cycle life is only half of the expected life span when the cycle is 20 °.

　　The performance of all batteries drops sharply at low temperatures; however, when the load current is applied, the efficiency loss caused by the decrease of voltage will cause some temperature increase effects. At -20 ° C (–4 ° F), the performance level of most batteries is about 50%at normal temperature. Although nickel -cadmium batteries can be reduced to -40 ° C (–40 ° F), the allowable discharge is only 0.2c (5 hours rate). Special lithium ion batteries can work at a temperature of -40 ° C, but can only run at a lower discharge rate; charging at this temperature is impossible. The risk of frozen electrolyte freezing with lead acid may cause the shell to rupture. When the proportion is more like water instead of full charging, lead acid freezes faster at low charge.

　　The matching cells with the same capacity play an important role in low temperature and heavy load discharge. Because the battery in the battery pack will never be perfectly matched, if the allowable discharge continues to exceed the safety deadline, the weaker battery in the multi -battery pack may appear negative voltage potential. Known as a battery reversal, the weak battery will be under pressure, which will generate a permanent electrical short circuit. The larger the battery count, the greater the possibility of the unit reversal under the load. Low -temperature overload over discharge is the main cause of the failure of wireless electric tool battery.

　　The mileage of electric vehicles between the two charging is calculated at the ambient temperature. Electric vehicle drivers are aware that the cold temperature will reduce the use mileage. This loss is not only caused by the electric heating cabin, but also caused by the inherent slowdown of the battery electrochemical reaction, which will reduce the capacity of the battery at low temperature.

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