Basic concepts related to lithium battery charging and discharging.home solar battery system

　　Single battery, single battery, and battery pack: Single battery (Cell) refers to a battery with an electromotive force of around 2V (lead-acid), 1.2V (nickel hydrogen), or 3.6V (lithium battery), which is the basic unit that constitutes a single battery; Several individual batteries are packaged to form a single battery, abbreviated as a Battery; A battery pack is composed of several batteries connected in series.

　　Battery capacity: refers to the amount of electricity that can be obtained from a battery under certain discharge conditions. A battery has theoretical capacity, actual capacity, rated or nominal capacity, and rated reserve capacity. Expressed in Ah (ampere hour) and mAh (milliampere hour).

　　Theoretical capacity: Theoretical capacity refers to the amount of electricity given by assuming that all active substances participate in the flow forming reaction of the battery. It is calculated based on the mass of the active substance according to Faraday's law. In order to compare the concept of specific capacity commonly used by different series of batteries, that is, the theoretical amount of electricity that can be provided by a unit volume or unit mass battery, often expressed in Ah/Kg or Ah/L.

　　Actual capacity: Actual capacity refers to the actual discharge capacity of a battery under certain discharge conditions, which is equal to the product of discharge current and discharge time. Its value is less than the theoretical capacity.

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