What is a ternary lithium battery?

　　In nature, lithium is the lightest and least atomic weight metal, with an atomic weight of 6.94g/mol, ρ= 0.53g/cm3. Lithium has active chemical properties and is prone to losing electrons and being oxidized to Li+. Therefore, the standard electrode potential is the most negative, at -3.045V, and the electrochemical equivalent is the smallest, at 0.26g/Ah. These characteristics of lithium element determine that it is a material with high specific energy. Ternary lithium batteries refer to lithium secondary batteries that use three transition metal oxides, nickel cobalt manganese, as positive electrode materials. It fully integrates the excellent cycling performance of lithium cobalt oxide, the high specific capacity of lithium nickel oxide, and the high safety and low cost of lithium manganese oxide. It uses molecular level mixing, doping, coating, and surface modification methods to synthesize nickel cobalt manganese and other multi-element synergistic composite lithium oxide. It is currently a widely researched and applied lithium-ion rechargeable battery.

　　Poor safety and short cycle life are the main shortcomings of ternary lithium batteries, especially safety performance, which has been a major factor limiting their large-scale assembly and integration applications. A large number of actual measurements have shown that ternary batteries with large capacity are difficult to pass safety tests such as puncture and overcharging, which is also the reason why manganese elements are generally introduced more in large capacity batteries, and even mixed with lithium manganese oxide for use. The cycle life of 500 cycles belongs to the lower middle range in lithium batteries, so the main application field of ternary lithium batteries is currently 3C digital and other consumer electronics products

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