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　　Electrochemical reaction mechanism of lithium-ion batteries Electrochemical reaction mechanism of lithium-ion batteries Electrochemical reaction mechanism of lithium-ion batteries Electrochemical reaction mechanism of lithium-ion batteries A lithium-ion battery mainly consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a separator, with additional positive and negative electrode leads, safety valves, PTC (positive temperature control terminal), battery shell, etc. Although there are various types of lithium-ion batteries, their working principles are roughly the same. During charging, lithium ions detach from the positive electrode material, pass through the separator and electrolyte, and are embedded into the negative electrode material. Discharge proceeds in the opposite process. Taking a typical liquid lithium ion as an example, when graphite is used as the negative electrode material and LiCoO2 is used as the positive electrode material, the charging and discharging principle is as follows: • Positive electrode reaction: LiCoO2==Li1-xCoO2+xLi++xe - • Negative electrode reaction: 6C+xLi+xe -=LixC6 • Battery total reaction: LiCoO2+6C==Li1-xCoO2+LixC6 • The reverse reaction of the above reaction occurs during discharge. During charging, Li+undergoes de intercalation from LiCoO2, releasing an electron, and C3+is oxidized to C4+. At the same time, Li+migrates to the surface of the negative electrode graphite through a diaphragm and electrolyte, and then inserts into the graphite structure. The graphite structure simultaneously receives an electron, forming a lithium carbon interlayer complex LixC6. During discharge, the process is reversed, and Li+is de intercalated from the graphite structure and embedded into the positive electrode LiCoO2.

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